SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
DR SHASHI
AGGARWAL
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
1.
MODERN VARIANT OF THE DEVELOPMENT
2.
REFERS
TO THE PROCESS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
3.
THE OBJECTIVE OF WHICH IS TO MAINTAIN THE
QUALITY OF LIFE BOTH PRESENT AND FUTURE GENERATIONS
4. FOCUSES DEVELOPMENT WITHOUT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
5.
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION :
a)
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
b)
EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
MEANING OF
ENVIRONMENT
a)
ALL THOSE SITUATIONS AND SURROUNDING WHICH
INFLUENCE THE LIFE AND DEVELOPMENT
b)
ENVIRONMENT INCLUDE NON LIVING THINGS LIKE SOIL
AND THE CLIMATE
c)
MEANING OF ENVIRONMENT
d)
ALL THOSE SITUATIONS AND SURROUNDING WHICH
INFLUENCE THE LIFE AND DEVELOPMENT
e)
ENVIRONMENT INCLUDE NON LIVING THINGS LIKE SOIL
AND THE CLIMATE
f) SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
g)
IS PROCESS THAT MAXIMIZES FOR PRESENT AND
FUTURE GENERATION LONG TERM NET GAINS RESULTING FROM ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
h)
PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT WHICH MEETS THE NEEDS OF
THE PRESENT GENERATION WITHOUT REDUCING THE ABILITY OF THE FUTURE GENERATION TO
MEET THEIR OWN NEEDS
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRESSES
THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT SHOULD BE SUCH THAT IF STRESSES THAT PROCESS
DEVELOPMENT SHOULD BE SUCH THAT IT CAUSES MINIMUM POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTION AS WELL AS MINIMUM POSSIBLE EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL POLLUTION.
FEATURES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1.
SUSTAINED RISE IN REAL PER CAPITA INCOME AND
ECONOMIC WELFARE
2.
RATIONAL UTILIZATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
3.
NO REDUCTION IN THE ABILITY OF FUTURE
GENERATION TO MEET THEIR NEEDS :AIMS AT
MAKING USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT FOR RAISING THE EXISTING
STANDARD OF LIVING BUT SHOULD NOT CAUSE ANY REDUCTION FOR THE FUTURE GENERATION.
4.
NO INCREASE IN POLLUTION :SHOULD NOT TAKE THOSE ACTIVITIES WHICH MAY INCREASE IN POLLUTION
5. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT : MORE CONSCIOUS ABOUT
OUR CONCERN FOR FUTURE GENERATION AND OUR SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES.
6.
OPTIMUM USE OF RESOURCES
STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
INPUT
EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGY : DEVISE SUCH TECHNOLOGIES WHICH ARE INPUT
EFFICIENT. MORE PRODUCTION PER UNIT. REDUCE THE EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES.
ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY SOURCES SHOULD BE USED TO
KEEP CLEAN THE ENVIRONMENT. LIKE INSTEAD OF DIESEL AND PETROL,CNG AND LPG
SHOULD BE USED.
MAIN
CONCERN OF STATE PLANNING SHOULD BE INTEGRATED RURAL
DEVELOPMENT AND REDUCING THE MIGRATION TO URBAN
CONVERT
SUNLIGHT INTO SOLAR ENERGY AND SOLAR ENERGY INTO ELECTRICITY. IN INDIA SUNLIGHT IS A NATURAL GIFT AND
IT IS ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY AND NON EXHAUSTIBLE
STRATEGIES
FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SHIFT TO
ORGANIC FARMING : WE SHOULD
SHIFT TO ORGANIC FARMING BECAUSE BY USING EXCESSIVE ,INSECTICIDES AND
PESTICIDES HAVE RAISED THE CROP YIELD.
RECYCLE THE WASTE : HOUSEHOLD WASTE CAN BE RECYCLED INTO COMPOST AND USES AS A MANURE
FOR ORGANIC FARMING.
STRINGENT LAWS ON THE DISPOSABLE OF CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS :
AWARENESS TO CONSERVE NATURAL ASSETS FOR INTER
GENERATIONAL EQUITY : WE SHOULD CONSERVE NATURAL RESOURCES FOR GENERATION.
PUBLIC MEANS
OF TRANSPORT : PUBLIC
MEANS OF TRANSPORT ARE TO BE RAPID,COMFORTABLE AND ECONOMICAL.
MEASUREMENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1.
GREEN NATIONAL INCOME
2.
GENUINE SAVING
GREEN NATIONAL INCOME
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NET NATIONAL INCOME AND
DEPRECIATION OF NATURAL CAPITAL
NET NATIONAL INCOME : MARKET VALUE OF THE FINAL
GOODS AND SERVICES PRODUCED BY THE RESIDENTS OF COUNTRY DURING ONE YEAR
GREEN
NATIONAL INCOME
DEPRECIATION OF NATURAL CAPITAL: LOSS VALUE OF
THE CAPITAL BECAUSE OF ITS CONTINUOUS USE. NATURAL CAPITAL REFERS TO THE SUM
TOTAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES INCLUDING ENVIRONMENT
GREEN NATIONAL INCOME
GREEN NATURAL INCOME = NET NATIONAL
INCOME-DEPLETION OF NATURAL RESOURCES- ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
GENUINE SAVING: RATE OF SAVING ADJUSTED NOT ONLY FOR DEPRECIATION
OF MAN MADE CAPITAL BUT ALSO FOR THE LOSS OF VALUE OF THE NATURAL CAPITAL
GENUINE
SAVING
GROSS SAVING-DEPRECIATION OF MAN MADE CAPITAL-DEPRECIATION OF
NATURAL CAPITAL (DEPLETION OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND DEGRADATION OF ENVIRONMENT)
COMPARISON:
ECONOMIC GROWTH.ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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