ORGANISATIONAL GOALS

• ORGANISATIONAL GOALS
  ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR
  CIVIL SERVICES MAIN EXAM COMMERCE AND ACCOUNTANCY
  
  
• ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS
  
  

1. ORGANIZATIONS ARE CREATED TO ACHIEVE SOME WELL DEFINED GOALS
2. GOALS ARE MENTIONED IN THE ORGANIZATION’S CHARTER AND GENERALLY ABSTRACT IN NATURE
3. WHEN THEY ARE     OPE RATIONALIZED,SPECIFIC GOALS ARE CREATED FOR EACH OF THE ORGANIZATION LEVEL
4. THE GOALS AT LOWER LEVEL ARE THE MEANS OF THE LEVEL ABOVE IT
5. THIS PROCESS LEADS TO A CHAIN OF MEAN ENDS
6. IN THE PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTATION THE GOALS ARE OFTEN GETS DISTORTED OR DISPLACED

• MISSION

1. REASON FOR ORGANIZATIONAL EXISTENCE
2. MISSION IS AN ENDURING STATEMENT OF PURPOSE THAT DISTINGUISH A BUSINESS FROM OTHER FIRMS
3. MISSION OF AN ORGANIZATION MAY BE DEFINED AS THE ORGANIZATION’S CONTINUING PURPOSE OR REASON BEING
4. A CLEAR STATEMENT OF MISSION SERVES AS GUIDE INDIVIDUALS,GROUPS AND MANAGERS THROUGHOUT THE ORGANIZATION
5. SERVE AS SOURCE OF INSPIRATION FROM WHICH FLOWS THE LIFE OF THE ORGANIZATION
6. IDENTIFICATION OF MISSION HELPS AN ORGANIZATION DELIMIT ITS SPHERE OF ACTIVITIES AND PRESCRIBE THE WAYS IN WHICH MANAGERS AND EMPLOYEES CARRY OUT THOSE ACTIVITIES

• NATURE OF ORGANIZATION GOALS
• ETZIONI,AN ORGANIZATIONAL GOAL IS SOMETHING TOWARDS WHICH ITS RESOURCES AND EFFORTS ARE DIRECTED

1. GOALS ARE THE OBJECTIVES,AIMS OR PURPOSE WHICH ARE TO BE ACHIEVED BY THE ORGANIZATION OVER VARYING PERIODS OF TIME
2. GOALS ARE THE RESULT OF PLANNING WHICH IS RELATED TO FUTURE
3. PLANNING IS REQUIRED BOTH FOR CHOOSING THE GOALS AND ATTAINING THE GOALS
4. ORGANIZATION MAY BE VIEWED AS ENTITIES WITH GOALS. THE GOALS PURSUED BY AN ORGANIZATION DEPICT A FUTURE STATE OF AFFAIRS WHICH IT STRIVES TO ATTAIN
5. CONSTITUTE A SOURCE OF LEGITIMACY WHICH JUSTIFIES THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION AND ITS VERY EXISTENCE
6. GOALS SERVES AS STANDARDS FOR ASSESSING THE SUCCESS OF THE ORGANIZATION

• NEED/APPLICATION/RATIONAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS

1. LEGITIMACY: FOUNDATION FOR THE EXISTENCE OF THE ORGANIZATION, ALL ITS RESOURCES AND EFFORTS ARE DIRECTED TOWARDS THE ACHIEVEMENT OF GOALS
2. DIRECTION: DEPICT A FUTURE STATE OF AFFAIRS WHICH THE ORGANIZATION STRIVES TO REALIZE. THEY PROVIDE THE DIRECTION AND DECISION MAKING PROCESS IS GUIDED BY THE GOALS
3. STANDARD OF PERFORMANCE:-ACT AS STANDARD OF PERFORMANCE
4. CONTROL AND COORDINATION: GOALS SERVES AS GUIDE FOR CONTROL AND COORDINATION, THE FUNCTION OF THE CONTROL CAN BE PERFORMED BY COMPARING ACTUAL PERFORMANCE WITH THE GOALS OF THE ORGANIZATION. ALSO HELP TO COORDINATE THE VARIOUS ACTIVITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION

• PURPOSE OF THE OBJECTIVE
• WILLIAM F. GLUECK FELLS THAT GOALS SERVE THREE PURPOSE:

1. THEY DEFINE THE ORGANIZATION IN ITS ENVIRONMENT AND JUSTIFY ITS EXISTENCE TO VARIOUS GROUPS
2. THEY PROVIDE FOR COORDINATION AND RELATE THE DIVERSE TASK PERFORMED IN COMPLEX ORGANIZATION
3. THEY ESTABLISH STANDARDS FOR EVALUATING THE ACTUAL PERFORMANCE OF INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS

• FEATURES OF OBJECTIVES

1. EVERY ORGANIZATION HAS OBJECTIVES
2. MAY BE BROAD AS WELL AS SPECIFIC
3. SET FOR THE WHOLE ORGANISATION OR DIFFERENT SEGMENTS OF IT
4. MAY BE LONG TERM AND SHORT TERM
5. OBJECTIVE HAVE HIERARCHY:
6. AT ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL,BROAD OBJECTIVES ARE FIXED BY THE TOP LEVEL MANAGEMENT
7. SPECIFIED AT DEPARTMENTAL LEVEL
8. DIFFERENT SECTIONS
9. THE ASPIRATION OF SOCIETY SHOULD BE REFLECTED FROM THE BUSINESS OBJECTIVE
10. ALL ORGANIZATIONS OBJECTIVES ARE INTERRELATED
11. NUMBER OF OBJECTIVE FOR THE ORGANIZATION
12. SHOULD BE BASED ON REALISTIC SITUATIONS

• TYPES OF ORGANIZATION GOALS
• OFFICIAL: GOALS THAT AN ORGANIZATION AIMS TO ACHIEVE. DETAILS A COMPANY’S AIMS AS DESCRIBED IN THE MISSION STATEMENT OR IN PUBLIC STATEMENT.THEY HELP TO BUILD THE ORGANIZATION’S PUBLIC IMAGE AND REPUTATION. SUCH GOALS ARE OFTEN QUALITATIVE AND HARDER TO MEASURE. FOR EXAMPLE A COMPANY’S OFFICIAL GOALS MAY BE TO INCREASE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION BY OFFERING MULTI CHANNEL SUPPORT AND ITS OPERATIVE GOALS WILL BE TO CRAFT A STRATEGY FOR ESTABLISHING SUPPORT CHANNEL
• OPERATIVE GOALS:- THAT ARE REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE A DESIRED OUTCOME. ACTUAL,CONCRETE STEPS A BUSINESS INTENDS TO TAKE TO ACHIEVE ITS PURPOSE
• MULTIPLICITY OF OPERATIONAL GOALS

1. ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS
2. OUTPUT GOALS: CONCERNED WITH THE TYPES OF OUTPUT THAT MUST BE PRODUCED TO MEET THE DEMAND OF THE CUSTOMERS
3. SYSTEM GOALS:-CONCERNED WITH CONDITIONS WITH IN ORGANIZATION THAT ARE EXPECTED TO INCREASE ITS SURVIVAL POTENTIAL. LIST IS ENDLESS. FOR EXAMPLE: GROWTH,PRODUCTIVITY,STABILITY,HARMONY,FLEXIBILITY ETC. FOR SOME ORGANIZATION IT MAY BE MARKET SHARE,CURRENT PROFITABILITY,INNOVATION ETC
4. PRODUCT GOALS: NATURE AND QUALITY OF PRODUCTS OFFERED; VARIETY,STYLE,INNOVATIVE QUALITIES AND AVAILABILITY ARE THE IMPORTANT
5. DERIVED GOALS:- UTILIZATION OF THE ORGANIZATION’S RESOURCES IN DERIVED AREAS SUCH AS PROMOTING SOCIAL SERVICE INSTITUTIONS ETC

• ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS

1. STRATEGIC: GOALS ARE SET BY THE AND FOR TOP MANAGEMENT
2. TACTICAL GOALS ARE THE FOR MIDDLE MANAGERS
3. OPERATIONAL GOALS FOR LOWER LEVEL MANAGERS

• ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS DIFFER IN THREE DIFFERENT CRITERIA:-
• LEVEL:-ORGANIZATION GOALS DIFFER IN THE LEVEL OF THE ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OR HIERARCHY. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE:-
• TOP LEVEL:-INCREASE PROFIT AND MARKET SHARE
• INCREASE OUTPUT BY 10% IS SUITABLE FOR LOWER LEVEL
• AREAS: DIFFERENT GOALS FOR DIFFERENT DEPARTMENT
• TIME FRAME:-

1. SHORT TERM
2. LONG TERM

• END MEANS CHAIN
• THE GOALS OF A COMPANY CAN BE STRUCTURED INTO HIERARCHY
• THE OBJECTIVE AT THE TOP LEVEL PROVIDES THE BASIS FOR SETTING THE OBJECTIVES AT THE SECOND LEVEL WHICH IN TURN BECOMES BASIS FOR OBJECTIVES AT THE THIRD LEVEL AND SO ON
• IN OTHER WORDS THE GOALS AT THE THIRD LEVEL IS A MEAN FOR THE SECOND LEVEL AND GOALS OF THE SECOND IS A MEANS FOR THE TOP LEVEL
• END MEANS CHAIN
•  

• EXAMPLE

1. MAY HAVE THE OVER ALL OBJECTIVE OF EARNING 30% RETURN
2. MAJOR OBJECTIVE OF PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT FOCUSING ON CREATING SPECIALIZED PRODUCT
3. INTERMEDIATE OBJECTIVE OF ,MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLING THE MAJOR COMPONENT
4. AT LOWER LEVEL THE EMPLOYEE RELATE TO MANUFACTURE AND ASSEMBLY OF SUB COMPONENTS PARTS

• IMPLICATION OF END MEANS CHAIN

1. USEFUL IN UNDERSTANDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS AND SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES
2. IN THE PROCESS EVERY GOALS REQUIRE A DECISION ABOUT MEANS BY WHICH IT WILL BE ATTAINED
3. THESE MEANS THEN BECOMES THE SUB GOALS FOR SOME ONE

• THREE IMPLICATION:-

1. THE PROCESS OUTLINED IS A TOP DOWN PROCESS
2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHAIN GENERATES A SPECIFIC STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR ACHIEVING OBJECTIVES
3. EACH ACTIVITY SHOULD CONTRIBUTE TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THESE GOALS