THEORY OF LEARNING
ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR
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OPERANT CONDITIONING
1.
OPERANT IS DEFINED AS THE BEHAVIOR THAT PRODUCES EFFECT
2.
OPERANT CONDITIONING BASED ON THE WORK OF B.F. SKINNER WHO ADVOCATED THAT
INDIVIDUAL EMIT RESPONSES THAT ARE REWARDED AND WILL NOT EMIT RESPONSES THAT
ARE EITHER NOT REWARDED OR ARE PUNISHED
3.
OPERANT CONDITIONING IS VOLUNTARY OR LEARNED BEHAVIOR WHICH IS
DETERMINED.MAINTAINED AND CONTROLLED BY CONSEQUENCES
4.
OPERANT CONDITIONING IS BASED ON THE PREMISE THAT BEHAVIOR IS FUNCTION OF ITS CONSEQUENCES
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OPERANT CONDITIONING
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THE BASIC PRINCIPLE OF LEARNING NEW BEHAVIOR(OPERANT OR CALLED INSTRUMENTAL)
INVOLVE THREE RELATIONSHIP:-
1.
STIMULUS SITUATION( IMPORTANT EVENT IN THE SITUATION)
2. BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE TO THE SITUATION
3.
CONSEQUENCES OF THE RESPONSE TO THE PERSON
EXAMPLE:- AN APPLICATION OF THE BRAKE BY
VEHICLE DRIVER TO AVOID THE ACCIDENT
POSSIBILITY OF THE ACCIDENT WITHOUT APPLICATION
OF BRAKE IS STIMULUS
APPLICATION OF THE BRAKE IS BEHAVIOR
AVOIDANCE OF THE ACCIDENT IS THE
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OPERANT CONDITIONING
1.
BASED ON THE PREMISE THAT BEHAVIOR IS FUNCTION OF ITS CONSEQUENCES
2.
PEOPLE LEARN TO BEHAVE TO GET SOMETHING THEY DESIRE OR IS TO AVOID SOMETHING THEY DO NOT LIKE
3. BEHAVIOR IS LIKELY TO BE REPEATED IF THE CONSEQUENCES ARE
4.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BEHAVIOR AND CONSEQUENCES IS ESSENCE OF THE OPERANT CONDITIONING
5.
THE TERM OPERANT INDICATES THE ORGANISM OPERATES ON ITS ENVIRONMENT TO
GENERATE CONSEQUENCES.
6.
OPERANT CONDITIONING IS A POWER FUL TOOL FOR MANAGING THE PEOPLE IN
ORGANIZATION
7.
MOST BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATION ARE LEARNED,CONTROLLED AND ALTERED BY
CONSEQUENCES I.E OPERANT BEHAVIOR
8.
MANAGEMENT CAN USE THE OPERANT CONDITIONING PROCESS SUCCESSFULLY TO CONTROL AND INFLUENCE THE BEHAVIOR OF EMPLOYEES BY MANIPULATING THE REWARD SYSTEM
9. BEHAVIORAL CONSEQUENCES THAT ARE REWARDING INCREASE THE RATE OF RESPONSE
WHILE THE AVERSIVE CONSEQUENCES DECREASE THE CONSEQUENCES
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