ORGANISATIONAL TYPOLOGIES/CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIZATION PART 1

• ORGANISATIONAL TYPOLOGIES/CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIZATION PART 1
  C.S.E.MAIN COMMERCE AND ACCOUNTANCY
  ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR
• MEANING ORGANIZATIONAL TYPOLOGIES

1. IT INDICATES A SCHEME OF CATEGORIZATION INTO WHICH ORGANIZATION CAN BE CLASSIFIED ON THE BASIS OF CERTAIN GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS.
2. TYPOLOGY IS A VALUABLE TOOL OF ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS. IT PROVIDES ON INSIGHT INTO THE WORKING OF ACTUAL ORGANIZATION.
3. PROVIDES MULTIDIMENSIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIZATION
4. SERVE AS A TOOL OF DIFFERENTIATION ON THE BASIS OF PROPERTIES OF THE ORGANIZATION

• OBJECTIVE OF TYPOLOGY

1. FOR BRINGING OUT THE UNIQUE FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION
2. SERVE AS A TOOL OF DIFFERENTIATION
3. FOCUS ON THE PROPERTIES OF ORGANIZATION RATHER THAN THEIR LABELS
4. CRITERIA OF EFFECTIVE TYPOLOGY
5. JOSEPH LITTERER HAS SUGGESTED THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA:
6. ON THE BASIS O SOME IMPORTANT GENERAL VARIABLES
7. IMPORTANT VARIABLES
8. DIFFERENT VARIABLES MUST BE USED FOR CONSTRUCTING TYPOLOGIES,DEPENDING UPON THE PURPOSE OF THE ORGANIZATION

• EFFECTIVE TYPOLOGY

1. MAY BE CLASSIFIED ON SEVERAL BASIS:-
2. SIZE:-SMALL,MEDIUM,LARGE AND GIANT
3. OWNERSHIP: PUBLIC,PRIVATE AND JOINT
4. LEGAL FORM: SOLE TRADER,PARTNERSHIP FIRM,JOINT STOCK COMPANY AND COOPERATIVE SOCIETY
5. AREA OF OPERATION:-LOCAL,REGIONAL,NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL

6.       BUT THESE CLASSIFICATION DO NOT PROVIDE ANY ANALYSIS BASIS FOR STUDY OF ORGANIZATION

• BASES ON FUNCTION OR PURPOSE

1. ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS:-

a)       PRIMARILY CONCERNED WITH PRODUCING GOODS AND SERVICES

b)       AIM IS TO EARN PROFIT

c)        INDUSTRIAL,COMMERCIAL AND TRADING ARE INCLUDED IN IT.

d)       OWNERSHIP MAY BE PRIVATE/GOVERNMENT.EVEN JOINT

2. POLITICAL ORGANIZATION:-

a)       CREATED TO PROVIDE SERVICES TO THE SOCIETY

b)       COLLECT RESOURCES ,EMPLOY JUDICIOUSLY AND WORK FOR MAINTAINING PEACE AND STABILITY IN THE ORGANIZATION

c)       GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND DEPARTMENTS

3. INTEGRATIVE ORGANIZATION:-

a)       CONCERNED WITH SOCIAL CONTROL AND MAINTENANCE OF LAW AND JUSTICE

b)       POLICE FORCE AND COURT ARE INCLUDED IN THIS ORGANIZATION

4. PATTERN-MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS:-

1. CONCERNED WITH PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL VALUES
2. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION,RELIGIOUS AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION,CLUBS ETC
3. WORKING WITH THE AIM OF ACHIEVING HIIGH STANDARD OF KNOWLEDGE,CULTURE,SOCIAL NORMS

• BASED ON PRIMARY BENEFICIARY(CUI BONO)
• HAS BEEN USED BY BLAU AND SCOTT AND BASED ON THE PRIMARY BENEFICIARY OF THE OUTPUT OF THE ORGANIZATION, IT RECOGNIZES THAT MANY PARTIES MAY BENEFIT FROM AN ORGANIZATION’S OPERATIONS.
• MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATIONS:-

a)       LOOSELY STRUCTURED AND MEMBERSHIP IS MOSTLY VOLUNTARY

b)       EXAMPLE TRADE UNIONS,POLITICAL PARTIES,PROFESSIONAL BODIES

c)        NOT POSSIBLE TO MAINTAIN INTERNAL DEMOCRACY DUE TO MEMBERSHIP APATHY AND OLIGARCHICAL CONTROL

• BUSINESS ORGANIZATION:-

1. OWNERS ARE THE PRIME BENEFICIARIES
2. BASIC PURPOSE IS TO ACHIEVE MAXIMUM PROFIT AND RETURN ON INVESTMENT
3. PROBLEM OF OPTIMIZING OF THE RESOURCES
4. PRESSURES FROM THE SUPPLIERS OF RESOURCES,CUSTOMERS,GOVERNMENT HAVE TO BE DEALT WITH EFFECTIVELY
5. SOCIAL GOALS

• SERVICE ORGANIZATION:

a)       THE PUBLIC IN DIRECT CONTACT

b)       LIKE HOSPITALS,EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE

c)        CLIENTS ARE THE BENEFICIARIES

d)       ARE VULNERABLE AND SUBJECT TO THE EXPLOITATION AND DEPENDENT ON THE INTEGRITY OF PROFESSIONAL TO WHOM THEY HAVE COME FOR HELP

• COMMON WEAL ORGANIZATION: PUBLIC AT LARGE IS THE PRIMARY BENEFICIARY

1. POLICE ARMED FORCES,POST OFFICES,FIRE SERVICES ETC
2. PROVIDE SERVICES TO THE SOCIETY FOR MAINTAINING LAW AND ORDER,PROMOTING SECURITY TO THE PUBLIC
3. THE STRUCTURAL FORM OF THESE ORGANIZATION IS BUREAUCRATIC GOVERNED BY THE EFFICIENCY CRITERON.